在光束传输控制中，反馈系统需要具有较高的角度分辨率，以达到自动准直的精度要求，此外还需要具备一定的角视场，以降低对初始安装和调试的精度要求。提出了一种基于双焦透镜的双踪远场自动准直方案，在同一光学系统中实现了高精度和大视场两种角度分辨率的远场图像反馈系统。基于矩阵光学理论对远场图像反馈系统进行数值分析，给出了双焦透镜的等效传输矩阵，并分析了双焦透镜的角度分辨率和视场特性。设计并开展实验对基于双焦透镜的双踪远场自动准直方案进行了性能演示，实验结果表明，高精度下的角度分辨率约为大视场下角度分辨率的6.9倍，与设计值（6.6倍）基本相符。

高功率激光装置是一个复杂的有源巨型光学工程，其性能指标要求逼近科学技术与物理极限。驱动器研制有物理设计、工程光学和结构工程设计三大过程，工程光学在其中起着重要作用。高功率激光装置工程光学设计需遵循其特有的设计原则和要点，以保证装置的高性能。根据驱动器设计指标和设计特点，从总体光学设计、光束质量控制以及光束打靶精度控制方面，综述了高功率激光装置工程光学设计中的关键科学技术问题以及相应解决方法，为未来高功率激光驱动器的发展提供必要的工程设计参考。

采用光强度调制鉴相方案,使用直接数字频率合成器(DDS)和激光驱动器产生频率稳定的调制激光,注入待测光路,在待测光路后进行光电转换和放大,引入参考本振信号作为混频器相位参考信号,利用混频器测量待测光路信号与参考本振信号的相位差,获得光路延时信息。主要特点如下:提出了在本振信号链路三段移相的差分式检测方法,优化了鉴相点,提高了测量精度;采用单段短时两相位点测量模式,有效降低了光源功率波动、光路中光强波动、光电探测及放大电路增益波动、温度变化导致相位差漂移等带来的测量误差;在每个相位点多次测量采样,根据测量的平均值计算相位差,推导时间差。详细分析了测量电压和被测时延之间的函数关系,分析了影响测量精度的因素,构建验证系统,完成了实验验证。实验结果表明:本方案在4 ns的时延内的测量精度可达1 ps,大幅提升了现有高功率激光装置的同步测量精度。

利用新型准直远场探测包光栅元件的双向衍射, 实现了空间滤波器的小孔准直, 特别是对同一段光路中两个空间滤波器的小孔对准.该方案克服了传统滤波器对小孔尺寸的限制并满足远场准直包高稳定性的要求, 在光路远场准直的同时实现了小孔中心位置的监测与准直调整, 并在以色列项目中得以成功应用, 装置实验结果表明: 针对装置15倍衍射极限大小的小孔, 对准精度小于小孔直径3%, 满足装置器件小孔对准调试小于小孔直径4%的要求.

振镜作为一种二维扫描器件, 可以实现光学元件不同位置处表面情况在CCD相机上的成像, 利用振镜扫描方式无需移动待检测光学元件和成像系统即可完成大口径光学元件表面损伤的扫描检测,提出了一种基于振镜扫描方式的大口径光学元件表面损伤检测方法。利用该方法对光学元件表面损伤点检测进行了验证实验, 通过在元件表面设置基准点, 利用振镜扫描步数及图像处理技术确定损伤点位置及尺寸, 并与光学显微镜观察到的损伤情况进行对比, 结果显示利用振镜扫描方法对元件表面损伤点位置及尺寸的检测结果与光学显微镜检测结果偏差较小。该检测系统分辨率可达到(2.08±0.015) μm/pixel, 检测范围大于2.5 cm, 水平方向和竖直方向位置坐标检测准确度分别为3.76%和1.37%, 损伤点尺寸检测准确度为6.19%, 能够实现较大尺寸光学元件表面损伤点的高准确性检测。

In high power laser beam parameters measurement, attenuation scheme with high rate is key to far-field measurement. The far-field optical measurement system was analyzed and diameter of 95% encircled energy was used as important evaluation criterion of far-field measurement system. Measurement error of far-field optical measurement system and effect of attenuation with high rate on far-field measurement results were analyzed. Principle of attenuation scheme with high rate was established. By changing parameters of high attenuation rate in condition of single parallel plate, a pair of parallel plates and a pair of wedge flaps by Virtual Lab, influence of attenuation on the far-field measurement system was simulated and analyzed deeply. According to measurement system for f=3 000 mm and F=10, best attenuation scheme with high rate is designed. Diameter of 95% encircled energy of far-field image is 45.5 ?滋m, or 3.54 times of diffraction limitation.

In high power laser beam parameters measurement, attenuation scheme with high rate is key to far-field measurement. The far-field optical measurement system was analyzed and diameter of 95% encircled energy was used as important evaluation criterion of far-field measurement system. Measurement error of far-field optical measurement system and effect of attenuation with high rate on far-field measurement results were analyzed. Principle of attenuation scheme with high rate was established. By changing parameters of high attenuation rate in condition of single parallel plate, a pair of parallel plates and a pair of wedge flaps by Virtual Lab, influence of attenuation on the far-field measurement system was simulated and analyzed deeply. According to measurement system for f=3 000 mm and F=10, best attenuation scheme with high rate is designed. Diameter of 95% encircled energy of far-field image is 45.5 ?滋m, or 3.54 times of diffraction limitation.

The development of the optically addressed spatial light modulator (OASLM) was reported. Its structure and working principle was introduced in detail. Meanwhile, the photosensitive response curve, static wave-front distortion and temporal waveform distortion was investigated in detail in the process of experiment. Besides, OASLM was successfully demonstrated in the online experiment. The results show that OASLM not only has the ability to achieve the desired transmittance distribution, but also has no additional effect on the high-power laser system. Finally, the shaping effect of spatial filter in the laser system was analyzed. The result shows that the size of spatial filter was also an important factor which determined the shaping precision when this device was used in high power laser systems.

Aiming at the disadvantage that the traditional measurement technique is sensitive to the incident direction of incident light, a beam-split technique of high power laser multi-parameter measurement based on integrating sphere is proposed. Numerical analysis and simulation about attenuation rate, time waveform of emergent light, and time waveform recovery of incident light are carried out by Monte-Carlo method, which validate the feasibility that the integrating sphere can be used as beam-splitter in laser measurement system. The energy and time waveform of nanosecond laser is measured based on integrating sphere. The theoretical analysis matches well with the experiment result. Experiment and simulation results show that spectrum parameter, energy parameter and time parameter of incident light can be recovered by measuring the parameters of the emergent light, when the light-split technique is used in laser parameters measurement. The proposed technique can conquer the disadvantage that the incident direction of incident light has great influence on the parameters of the emergent light in traditional technique. The proposed technical proposal possesses small volume and is easy to integrate, which can be used in modular design of multiple beam high power laser parameters measurement system.

Based on the mass fraction of 65% deuterated DKDP crystals, the fourth harmonic conversion of 1053 nm laser is realized under the condition of noncritical phase matching (NCPM). The experimentally measured crystal temperature is 29.4 ℃ and the acceptance angle width of the crystals under the NCPM condition is around 55 mrad. Effects of the deuterated amount and the temperature of the DKDP crystals in the process of NCPM on the fourth harmonic conversion are theoretically analyzed. The relationship between the deuterated amount and temperature and the changing of the fourth harmonic conversion efficiency versus the double frequency light intensity are numerically simulated. These results provide a theoretical basis for the application of fourth harmonic laser in the high power laser system.